Type casting and composing machine.



No. 628,53I.

(No Model.)

C. MRAY-HOBVTH.

Patented 'my n, |899.

TYPE CASTING AND COMPDSING MACHINE.

(Application led Aug. 20, 1897.)

I2 Sheets-Sheet I.

Fiyf- No. 628,63L Y Pmmd July n, m99. c. uEnAY-HonvATu.

TYPE CASTING MID COHPDSINE IACHIIIE.

(Application filed Augv 90, 1897.)

No. 628,63l. Patented July n, |899. c; MEnAY-HURVATH.

TYPE CASTING AND CUMPSING MACHINE. v

(Application led Aug. 20, 1897.) (No Model.) A l2 Sheeis-Sheet 3 No.623,631. Patented July |899'. c. MERAY-HDRVTH.

TYPE CASTING AND CDMPOSING MACHINE.

(A1Sp1icaton filed AugA 20, 1897.)

l2 Sheets-Sheet 4.

U .rl 1| V M uw.

@www www 1H: mams vzrsns cn. Puofouruo.. WASHINGTON, u. c.

N0. 628",63|. 4 Patented lilly Il, |899.

` C. MERAYHORVATIL TYPE CASTING AND CDMPOSING MACHINE.

(Application tiled Aug' 20,'1897.) (No Modem' l2 sheets-sheet 5 www@@Mmmm wif-W8.

No. 628,631. Patented July Il, i899.

C. MERAY-HORVATH.

TYPE CASTING AND COMPDSING MACHINE.

(Application led Aug, 20, 1897.) (N0 MOMI-l I2 Sheets-Sheet 6.

no. 628,63l.

Patented luly Il, |899. C. MEBAY-HDRVATH. y TYPE CASTING AND GOMPUSINGMACHINE.4

(Application tiled Aug. 20, 1897.)

(No Model.)

No. 628,63l. Patented my n, |899.

C. M'ERAY-HURVATH.

TY'PEL CASTING. AND COMPUSING MACHINE.

(Application led Aug 20, 1897.) (No Model.) l2 Sheets-Sheet 8.

No. 628,63l.

MERAYMORVATH.

TYPE EASIISN AND GOMPOSING MACHINE.

(Apglicsmion led Aug 20, 1897,) -(N0 Model.) l2 Sheets-Sheet 9 PatentedJuly Il, i899.

N0. 628,63l. r Patntd lilly Il, |899.

C. MERAY-HRVATH.

TYPE CASTING AND CUMPOSING MACHINE. (Application med Aug. 20, 1897.)

(No Model.) l2 Sheets-Sheet l0.

DDIIIDI'JDJ i M ffy# No. 628,63l. Patented July n, |899. c. MnAY-HonvTH.TYPE CASTING AND CUMPDSING MACHINE.

(Application filed Aug` 20, 1897.)

I2 Sheets-Sheet II.

(No Model.)

un. 628,63l.

c. MRAY-HonvATH.

TYPE CASTING AND COMPOSING MACHINE.

Patented July II, |899.

` (Application Bled Aug. 20, 1897.)

I2 Sheets-Sheet I2.

(No Model.)

' Nirn Y raras);

EEEQE@ MEN TYPE CASTING AND CMPOSING MACHINE.

. SPECIFIGTION forming part of Letters Patent No. 628,631, dated July 1l, 1899;

Yimitation met August 20.771397.:r sgi-mito. 648,975. (No man.)

To LZZ whom it may con/067%:

VTH, of Buda-Pesth, in the Kingdom oi' Austria-Hungary, have invented anew and useful Type Casting and Composing Machine, of which thefollowing is a specification, refer-- ence being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention is an improvement in machines for casting type andcomposing the Same according to the text to be printed, ready to belocked in forms `to be printed from or to be stereotyped. In the presentinvention each letter is cast separately and subsequently assembled; andthe inventionconsists in the following features: rst, in a novelmechanism for bringing the movable matrices into` position to have atype cast therefrom; second, in the novel matrix disks or ringseachhavin g a plurality of matrices in its periphery which may representdifferent characters; third, in means whereby the desired matrix may beA brought into position foi` casting a type therefrom; fourth, in novelmeans for taking any matrix from and returning it 4to its carrier;fifth, in a novel means for reciprocating the series of matrix-carrierspast the holder; sixth, in a novel holder whereby the matrix ispresented to the casting-point; seventh, in novel mechanism whereby thesize of the type-body mold is automatically varied according to the sizeof the type character to be cast on suc-h body; eighth, in novelmechanism for trimming and removing the cast type from the mold; ninth,in novel electromechanical devices whereby the various operations of themachine are controlled.

The invention also embraces other details of construction andcombinations of parts hereinafter described.

Although the machine may be operated by means of finger-keys likeordinary linotypemachines or typewriters, yet in order to operate at ahigher rate of speed I have shown mechanism whereby the machine can becontrolled by means of a perforated strip, the perforations in which aremade in such order that the type will be cast in the desired succession,said strip being perforated on the primary machine, which may be such asare now used for printing-telegraphs and other high-speed machines.

` A l The principal object of the present inven- Be it known that I,CHARLES MRAY-IIOR` tion is to produce an improved machine wherein thetext is not made up and cast in lines, ,but the types corresponding tothe text to be printed are cast separately and successively letter byletter. y

To attain the objects in view, I employ matrixfcarriers that aretraveled constantly to d and froI in front'of the type-casting mold, and

i during this travel the proper matrix-rings are' i successively`disengaged from their carriers and presented to the casting-mold,closing the same with the matrix corresponding to the type to be castwhile the casting of such type is effected, and `then the ring isreturned to its carrier and another takes its place in front of themold, while the type just cast is moved on and composed in a galley ortype-line holder.

The invention will be vbest summarized in the claims following thisdescription, and in the accompanying drawings I have illustrated acomplete machine embodying my invention.

In said drawings, Figure lis a front elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 isa rear elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal ver tical sectionthrough the same in the plane of themain shaft. Fig. 4c is a rearelevation of the same with the meltingpot and some minor parts removed.Fig. 4a is atop plan view of the complete machine. Fig. 5 is a detailelevation of the matrix-carriers. Fig. 6 is Aa transverse sectionthrough Fig. 5. Figs. 7

and 8 are detail views of the matrix-carriers detached. Figs. 9,10, and1l are detail views of the matrix. Fig.^l2 is a perspective View of amatrix-carrier and matrix placed therein. Fig.l3 is a detail view of themechanism for reciprocating the matrix-carriers. Figs. 14, 14, 14h,andllcare detail views of the device for holding the matrix in thecarrier and on the holder.V Figs. 15, 1G, and 17 are detail views of themechanism for moving the matrix-holder to and from the mold. Figs. 18 to25, inclusive, are detail views of the mechanisrn for causing partialrotation of the matrix-holder. Figs. 2b' to 2S, inclusive,are detailviews of the mechanism for adjusting the size of the mold. Figs. 27 and28 also show the means for removing the cast type from the mold. Figs.29 to 34, inclusive, are detail views of the electromechanical devicesIOO whereby the proper matrix is selected by and transferred to theholder. Figs. 35 to 41, inclusive, are detail views of theelectromechanical devices whereby the selection of the proper type iscontrolled by a perforated strip.

Figs. 42 and 43 are top views, partly in section, illustrating thecasting of a type from amatriX-ring. Figs.44 and 45 are detail viewsillustrating the means for removing the cast Io type from the wheel Yand discharging the same into a suitable collector or receiver.

In order to get a clear idea of the various features of the invention,the different mechanisms will be described singly as to their I5construction and operation, and thereafter the operation of the machineas a whole will be explained.

The' matrix 'mecbcmt'smf-The matrix-rin gs D, Figs. 9 to 12, are placedin carriers E, Fig.

zo 7, which are hung in a frame Ec, as shown in Fig. 5. This frame Ec isprovided at the top with a rod Eb, Fig. 6, on which thirty-one carriersE are hung one beside the other. The shape of each carrier is best shownin Figs. 7, 112, and 14c and the position of the individual carriers inFigs. 5 and 6. Each carrier E is under the iniiuence of a springpressedbolt Fc, which tends to throw the carrier into the position shown bydotted lines, 3o Fig. 6. Each carrier is normally locked by a latch E70,Fig. 6, which engages a projecting tooth Eh on the lower end of thecarrier. The carriers are released at the proper time by `means of ahammer Ky, which is eifected by depressing a rod Ko, Fig. 5, ashereinafter explained. Said hammer Ky will strike the projection Ej ofthe latch E76 of that carrier which at the moment is actually movingpast thghammer at the time, and the respective 4o arrier will bereleased, so as to project into /he position shown by dotted lines, Fig.6,

whereupon its ring D will be removed, as hereinafter described.

The matrix-rings. Each matrix-carrier E has a semicircular cavity in itsside, Fig. 7, in which is supported a matrix-ring D, and this ring isliftedout of this cavity in order to bring them before theletter-casting mold and replaced in the cavity after a type is cast. Atthe lower end of the semicircular cavity in the carrier E is an upwardprojection Ef, and at the top is a movable downwardly-projecting catchEe, Fig. 7. The projection Ef is 'adapted Vto enter a notch Df in thelower edge of the matrix-ring D, Figs. 9 and 14", while the catch Eeenters notch Db in the top t/JQ-ff the ring.

In order to securely hold the matrix-rin g D in the carrierE and yet toallow its easy removal,

6o the catch E is spring-controlled, being held against the edge of thecarrier by a spring EZ, Fig. 14C, bearing against the end of a pin E2,attached to the catch and guided in a recess in the carrier. The catchis further guided bypins E3 on the'projection Ed of the carrier.

The notch Db is cut obliquely into the matrixring, as shown in Figs. 10and 1l, being somewhat to the rear of the opening Dal.

An angular catch-trip Bh is secured to the stationary part B of the mainframe, Figs. 4 and 14, having a projecting lip Bb, shaped as shown inFigs. 14 and 141. This lip Bb lies in position to engage the projectingLeipper end Ee' of catch Ee of any carrier which is released (see Fig.14h) and cause the catch to move outward. If now a carrier E moving tothe left is released and passes toward the pin Cb and the trip Ba, theend -Ec of the catch Ec will strike the lip Bb, as shown in Fig. 14h,and force it outwardly, tensioning the spring EZ. The lower end of thecatch Ec can then pass easily out of the notch Db of the matrix-ring D,and the latter will remain upon the pin Cb, while the empty carrierEwill continue to travel with the carriage to the left for the remainderof the stroke. Then when said carrier E (after its said matrix-ring hasbeen used to close the casting-mold) returns on the backward travel totheright the catch E@ willbe pressed outwardly again by means of the lipBb of the trip Bet, so that the lower extremity of the catch Ee willenter the notch Db of the ring. Vhen the lip Ec has entered sufficientlyinto vthe notch Db, the trip will release the catch, which is thrownback by its spring, so that the matrix-ring is again securely held inits arm or carrier, as in Figs. 12 and 14C. The notches Db Df are closedon one side of the ring by plate Dh, as shown, so thatthe ring will bepicked up by the carrier on its return stroke, while the open ends ofthe notches enable the projection Ef and the lip Ec to enter and leavethe same.

Each matrix-ring D is provided with three matrices, as shown in Figs. 9-to 12. Thus the capital letters, small letters, as well as the usualletter-signs, numerals, dro., are provided for in the thirty-sixmatrices. Vhen a matrix-ring is brought before the castingmold, it isautomatically shifted so as to present the proper matrix to the mold andclose the same, whereupon the casting of the proper letters is effected.Each matrix-ring has a central angular hole Da, Figs. 9 and 14C, bywhich itis caught and suspended on the holder Cb, hereinafter described,and each matrixring has holes Dc in its sides, by which the thickness ofthe body of the type is determined, as will be more fully describedhercv inafter.

The mar-cawz'age. The frame Ec, with the carriers E, carrying thematrix-rings D, Fig. 5, is constantly horizontally reciprocated in theguide Fct, Figs. 4i, 5, and 6. The frame Ec is rigidly connected to acarriage F, Fig. G. A rod Eb is fixed in the two ends of frame Ec, andthe thirty-one carriers E are suspended from the rod. All these carriersthus travel with the carriage to and fro. Fig. 5 shows the yextremeposition of the carriage toward the right. The extreme left position isat the saine distance from the middle line.

IIO

As more fully described hereinafter, any matrix-carrier may be releasedfrom its springlatch Ek when at one particular point of its travel tothe left with the `carriagel and this is eifected by a hammer Ky, whenthe carriage F is depressed once for each stroke of the carriage andonly at the instant when the projection Ej of the latch Ek of thecarrier carrying the desired matrix comes under the same. The hammer Kycan be depressed at any one of thirty-one different positions of thecarriage during the motion thereof from right to left, so that any oneof the thirty-one carriers may be released during such stroke of thecarriage.

In order to automatically return the carriers to their original lockedposition when the carriage makes its forward stroke, they are providedwith projections Ea on their upper ends, Fig. 6, which slide on a railFb, which has one portionFe higher than the other, the part Fe extendingabout the length of carriage F from the right. (See Fig. 5.) If any oneof the carriers E during the motion of the carriage from right to leftis released, when the carriage returns toward the right the projectionEa of said carrier rides up the inclined surface of the rail at Fe, sothat the carrier E is thrown back from its displaced position (shown indotted lines, Fig.

' 6) into its original position, (shownv in full lines, Fig. 6,) and itslatch E engages its tooth Eh and locks it. The carrier is thus movedback to irst position after it has taken up its matrix from holder C.

The motion of the maman-carriage. Motion is imparted to thecarriage-frame Ec from the principal shaft L by the following means: InFig. 13 an internal gear G is shown rigidly connected to the main frameof the machine. Through the axes of gear G'passes the main shaft N,carrying an arm Ga, provided with a crank-pin Gc, parallel to the shaftN, and carries a cog-Wheel Gd, engaging the teeth Ge of the internalgear G.

It is evident from the above description that the Wheel Gd While turningupon its axis Gc also rotates around the shaft N. The radius of wheel Gdis exactly one-half of the internal radius of gear G. Therefore thecrankpin Gb on wheel Gd will move horizontallyin a straight line to andfro. The carriage Fis connected to pin Gb, Fig. 3, and consequently willtravel from point Gb to the point Gb', Fig. 13, and thus have arectilinear reciprocating motion.

T he matrix-ring transfer.-The matrixcarriers are reciprocated with thecarriage F, the carriers moving with them the matrixrings D. While thematrixcarriers are locked in the position shown in full lines, Fig. 6,they do not strike any obstacle. However, when the tooth Ela of anycarrier is disengaged by releasing its tooth Eh it is proj ectedinto theposition shown in dotted lines, Fig.`6, and its matrix-ring will'strike`a pin or holder Cb, secured to an arm or bracket Ca, Figs. 3, 4r, 12,14., 14, 15, 1G, 17, 18, 19, 2o, 21, annee. ing Da of the matrix-ringand suspends the latter thereon. (See Figs. 42 and 43.) The This holderCb enter the open-A pin Cb is directly opposite the casting-mold A,Figs. 3 and 42, and can be moved toward and from the same. When amatrix-carrier E is in the dotted position, Fig. 6, and moving to theleft, its matrix-ring D, Fig. 12, will strike the holder Cb, and thering Will remain upon said holderwhile the carrier continues to travelwith the others the full length of the stroke to the left. The holder Cbis mounted on a movable arm or bracket Ca, Figs. 3, 14, and 16, which isof such a shape that the matrix-carriers E can easily pass thereby whilethe matrix-rings are caught on the pin.

Presenting ofthe matrix to the mold. -Vh en a matrix-ring is caught uponthe holder Cb, the surface of the matrix-ring is still a short distancefrom the mold, Fig. 42, and it must then be moved toward the mold inorder to lpresent the matrix to the head of the mold.

To effect this movement, a device isused, as showniu Figs. 14 to 17 and42 and 43. The slide Ca, carrying holder Cb, has a dovetail base Cf,guided in a like groove in a fixed guide Oh, Figs. 15 and 42. A springOg, Figs. 3 and 14, interposed between the base-Cf and frame B, tends tokeep the holder away from the mold; but at the proper times the holderis moved toward the mold by a lever Ce, Figs. 14 to 17, which actsagainst said spring. The lever Ce has its fulcruin at Cj on a xedsupport, and said lever is operated by a cam Sa on a disk S, which isconstantly revolving with the main shaft. (See Figs. 3, 16, and 17.)When lever Ce presses the slide Ca, with the holder Cb and thematrix-ring thereon, toward the mold A, the matrix-ring closes the mold,and simultaneously the liquid metal is injected therein.

The automatic adjustment of the matrixfrtngs for producing caps,numerals, &c.-As shown in Figs. 9 and 12, each matrix-ring carries threedifferent matrices. resent a capital letter, the second a small letter,and the third a numeral or other sign. When the holder Cb is in normalposition, the central matrix on any matrix-ring will be brought againstthe mold; but the holder is capable of being rocked slightiyin one orthe other direction, so as to bring one or the other of the two endmatrices into operative position.

By referring to Figs. 19 to 25 it will be seen that on the left-hand endof the holder Cb is a segment C', and directly opposite said segment area pair of rods Cin and C2, parallel with the holder and respectivelyslightly above and below it. The rods Cn and Cnt can be `moved so as toobstruct'the movement of segment CZ When the slide and holder are movedtoward the mold, Figs. 19, 20, and 21, said rods being respectivelyconnected to the armatures C3 and C4 of electromagnets Cr an'd Cfr'.Ordinarily the inner ends of these rods IOO IIO

One may repy IIS IZO

do not interfere with the movement of segment Cl, but are a little tothe left thereof, as indicated in Fig. 19 by dotted lines.

When the holder and matrix-ring are moved toward the mold, as described,the holder remains in position to present the center matrix to the mold,unless one of the rods Cm or Gn is shifted so as to obstruct segment CZ,and thereby cause it to rock the holder forward or back. The directionof motion of the holder toward the mold is indicated in Fig. 21 by thearrow. In order to fully understand the partial revolution of the holderCb and matrixring, we will suppose that both rods Cn and Cm were pushedforward by their electromagnets so that their ends are in the way of thesegment CZ. In this case the two ends ofthe rods Cm Cn would prevent anadvance of the pin and of the disk CZ, and either this disk or the endsof the rods Cm and Cn would have to break; but both rods are never simultaneously moved forward, but only one at a time can be moved inposition to contact with the segment. If the rod Cm is advanced, Fig.25, it obstructs the segment CZ when the same is moved in the directionof the arrow, Fig. 21. Consequently the upper part, Fig. 25, is stoppedand causes the holder, with the matrix-ring thereon, to turn so farbackward that the lower matrix, Fig. 9, is brought into position toclose the mold; but if the lower rod Cn is advanced the lower part ofthe segment Gl, Fig. 24, will be retained during the advance of 'theholder in the direction of the arrow, and the holder and matrix-ringwill turn so far forward that the upper matrix, Fig. 9, is brought intoposition to close the mold. The turning of the matrix-rings thus dependson the position of the rods Cm Cn. It will be explained hereinafter howthe electro magnets Cr Cr' are energized. It is of course necessary toreturn the holder and matrix-rin gs to normal position after the type iscast, so that the Vmatrix-ring can be picked up by its earrier. To thisend the segment is provided with projections C0 Op on its upper andlower ends, Figs. 20 and 21, which when the holder is in normalposition, or as it returns to normal position, engage a fixed stop-pieceCq and return and keep the holder and matrix-ring in normal position.The ends of the rods Cm and Cn operate in front of these projections C0Cp, Figs. 20, 2l, 22, 24, and 25. When the segment OZ moves away fromthis stop Cq, it can be turned according to the position ofthe rod Cm orCn; but when it returns to normal position, if it has been shifted byeither rod, either the projection C0 or Op will strike the stop Cq, sothat in all cases the holder and matrix-ring will be returned to theirfirst position.

Different thicknesses of letteraln order to vary the size of thetype-body to suit the character to be 'cast thereon, the body of themold is made adjustable', as follows: The top and bottom of the mold areformed by a horizontal slot A in the stationary part B, Figs.

27 and 2S; but the opposite sides of the mold are formed by a slide Xaand the periphery of a rotary disk y, respectively. The slide Xa isattached t a movable bar X, Fig. 26, and according to its position moreor less to the right or to the left, Fig. 27, leaves a space broader ornarrower for the mold, thus determining the thickness of the letters.The slide Xa. is always brought, at a certain point of the revolution ofthe main shaft, to the outermost position by means of a lever Xb, Figs.4, 27, and 28, which is thrown outward by a camdisk T, Figs. 3 and 4.While the slide is in this outermost position, a matrix-ring is caughtupon the holder. Then the cam T frees the lever Xb, and a spring Xc,Fig. 27, which is connected to the lever, moves the slide Xa onwardtoward the disk y. lf no matrixringis on the pin, the slide moves inwarduntil its end contacts the disk, Figs. 27 and 43, and the mold iscompletely closed; but when a matrix-ring is on the holder the moldcannot beclosed completely, because a finger Xd, Figs. 27h, 2S, 42, and43, on bar X passes the holder, and its point Xe, Fig. 27", enters oneof the holes Dc in the matrix-ring D, Fig. 9. (See also Figs. 42 and43.)

By reference to Fig.v 9 it will be seen that each matrix-ring has a holeDc in its side opposite each matrix, and these holes vary in depth,being exactly proportionate in depth to the desired body of the typecharacter which the matrix represents. Thus for each numeral or othersign the relative hole Dc in the matrix-ring is of such depth that thefinger Xd, with its pin Xe, can enter only a predetermined extent, andthe pin Xe will hold the slide Xct away from the cylinder Y ICO adistance exactly equal to the thickness of the body ofthe particulartype to be cast. Thus the thickness of each particular type is regulatedby the holes Dc in the matrix-rings.

In order to prevent the injected metal spreading the mold during thecasting of a type, means are provided to prevent backing of the slideXa, as follows: A ring Xf, Figs. 28 and 28a, is mounted on one end ofbar X and is free to revolve thereon, while the bar can slide in thering inwardly or outwardly. The ring has a toothed segment Xg on itsfront face, the teeth of which mesh with the teeth of a sector Xh,(represented separately in Fig. 28",) which is fulcrumed at Xt on astationary support below the bar and when oscillated turns the ring Xf.The sector is oscillated by means of a rod Xj, Figs. 27 and 28, pivotedto the under side of the sector, one end of said rod haviuga roller XZ,which runs against a spring cam-rail Xm, which is secured at one end tothe matrix-carrier carriage F, so that it moves therewith. Thisspring-rail Xm has a cam-bend which contacts roller XZ at the propertime during the travel of the carriage and causes the rod Xj to moverearward and oscillate the sector Hh, and thereby partiallyrevolve thering Xf. The rod Xy' is pressed toward rail Xm by a IIO spring Xk. (SeeFigs. 27 and 28.) The ring Xf has a number' of steps or pins Xn ofdifferent heights on its front face, which change position during therevolution of the'ring. The bar X carries an adjustable stop-pin Xo,Fig. 2S, adapted to contact with one of the pinsXn. When the bar X is inits farthest outward position, the ring Xf is shifted to such a positionthat the stop-pin Xo will not contact any of the pins Xn, the sector Xhthen being in the position shown in Fig. 42;

but if the pin Xe, by entering the recess Dc of the matrix-ring, hasdetermined the position of the slide Xa and of the thickness of the typethe bend-spring of the rail Xm acts on the roller XZ and causes rod Xjto move the sector X71 so as to turn the ring Xf. The rotation of ringXf is limited or regulated by pins Xn and pin Xo, which projects in thepath of pins Xn, so that more or less of pins Xn can pass pin Xo,according to the adjustment of slide Xue-t'. e., the thickness of thetype-body. The last pin Xn which could pass pin Xo will be stopped inline with pin Xo, because the next longer pin Xn will str ike the sideof pin Xo and stop the rotation of the ring Xf. (See Figs. 28 and43.) InFig. 43 the slide Xa is shown advanced so far inwardly that the longestor highest pin Xn of :ring Xf strikes against the stop Xo, and the pinXn second in length being then directly opposite the stop-pin Xo willprevent the backing of the slide X until the type is cast. According tothe required thickness of letters one of the shorter pins might strikeagainst the stop-pin Xo, and the subsequent pin would then arrest theslide by leaning against the stop-pin X0. The spring-bar Xin will yield,if necessary, when ring Xfis ar,- rested. When the carriers are movedback toward rst position, the spring Xj will cause sector X71y to returnring Xf to normal position, allowing the bar X and 'slide Xa to be movedfully back out of the way.

The cast/ing of the type-The rear end of the mold communicates with themelting-pot Z, Figs. 2, 3, and 4. This pot is constructed in theordinary well-known manner, being provided with an interior pump havinga piston for injecting the liquid metal. The pumppiston is moved by alever Za, one end of which is pivoted at Zb. The other end is mediatelyconnected to a rod Zc, which is provided with a roller Va, Figs. 2 and3, hearing on a cam V. A spring ZrZ is arranged to hold the rollerVaagainst the cam and to draw down lever Za when the cam permitsi'. e.,when the roller V0. strikes the sink Vb of the cam, Fig. 4. Theinjection of the metal takes place at the moment in which thematrix-ring is pressed against the mold.

The rcmoocZZ of the cost type-The disk y, Figs. y27 and 44, has a plateYZ secured to its edge, adapted to close the wall of the mold when atype is to be cast. Diametrically opposite the plate is a slot Ya forremoving the type, in which is a follower Yj, normally pushedoutward bya spring Y2. Intermediate theslot Y@ and plate YZ is a knife or scraperYhfor cleaning the type.. On the other face of the disk opposite plateYZ is a lug Ym for holding the matrix-ring against the action of pinXCZ. During the casting the plate YZ, Figs. 2, 4, 27, 28, and 44, formsthe side or surface in the mold opposite to the slide Xa, Fig. 27. Thelug Yin, Figs. 28 and 43, of the disk assists in holding the matrixringin position at the moment of casting at the side opposit-e the pin Xd.The disk y is fixed on a shaft Ya, Figs. 4 and 44, which carries agear-wheel YZ), (see also Fig. 28,) meshing with a sector YcZ, which isfulcrumed at Yo below the shaft. This sector YCZ and gearing rocks thedisk y to and fro a half-revolution, so that the parts Ya and YZ of thedisk take alternately the same positions. Thus alternately YZ and Yaclose the mold. The disk remains stationary for a moment in bothof-these positions, this being effected in one `direction by a springUb, connected to sector Yg in the opposite direction, and by a cam U,Figs. 3 and 4, acting against theroller Ua on the end of a link Uc,pivoted to sector YCZ. During the casting the part YZ of the disk formsone wall of the mold. After the type is cast the disk turns and theknife Yh scrapes the type smooth on its front side, whereupon thecylinder takes the position shown in Fig. 27, withthe slot Ya oppositethe letter, which fits exactly in the slot and is pushed therein. Thefollower Yj in said slot Yet is pressed outwardly by a sprin g Y2. Afterthe matrixring D is removed, so that there is no longer any resistanceto the slide Xa, the latter is moved farther inward by spring Xc, so farthat it ejects the cast type from the mold into the slot Ya of disk y.The disk is then revolved and draws the type (which now revolves withit) across the fixed. knife-blade Yt, which dresses its opposite side,and the `slide Yj presses it constantly against the inner wall of thestationary semicircular guide YZ, Figs. 27 and 44. Having passed beyondthis semicircular guide, the spring Ya pushes slide Yj forward, and thusejects the letter outwardly into a suitable receiver.

In Figs. 44 and 45 I have shown simply the means for removing the casttype from the disk. Fig. 44 shows the type Yr just being moved from themold into the slot Y2 of the disk y. This disk is then rotated, so as topresent the type to the knifeYt, after which it is carried around theguide Ys until it reachesa position opposite the mold, in which positionit is free of the guide and can be ejected by the spring Y2 from theslot onto a guide Y0, by which it is directed into a receptacle Yp.

RecapituZaton-In order to cast the type in the desired successioncorresponding to the text to be printed, it is necessary to selectsuccessively the proper matrix-rings. As above described, the severalmatrix-rings are in individual carriers E on the frame Ec, and

ICO

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e 628,6si

the matrix-ring of any released carrier is caught upon the holder Cb inthe manner already explained. Of the thirty-one matrixrings only thatone is brought into operation whose carrier is disengaged from its latchEk, Fig. 6. This disengagement is effected by the hammer Ky, Figs. 6 and30, at such a moment in relation to the passing carriers that thedesired carrier is released, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6. The point of thehammer Ky is j ust above the row of'latches,so that a slight blow issufficient to disengage one of them from the carrier. The hammer acts atthe moment when the proper latch Ek comes below the same, the proper oneof the thirty-one carriers being right opposite the hammer Ky at themoment of its stroke. This hammer may be controlled by key-and-levermechanism operated by hand; but for greater rapidity of operation Iemploy an electromechanical selecting mechanism, by which the machinecan be controlled by a perforated strip, as hereinafter described.

llIatri-Selccting mechcmsm. -The time for each blow of the hammer Ky isdetermined by a rotary disk K and cooperating devices. This disk K ismounted on the main shaft N, Figs. 3 and 4, and its periphery (see Figs.29, 30, and 33) is divided by a circumferential rib Ka, out away at onepoint KZ). In the periphery of the disk K, on each side of rib Ka, are aseries of notches Kg, Figs.A 30 and 33, extending over about one-thirdof the periphery. `The circumference of the disk K is shown developed inFig. The shaded parts indicate the notches, which are also shown inFigs. 30 and 32. Five double-arm levers or feelers Kc, Figs. 3 and 29 to32, are fixed on stub-shafts Kd above disk K, their lower endsleaningagainst the circumferences of the disk, as shown in Figs. 30 to 32. Thetops of these feelers have enlarged heads K2, which lie successively inline and touch each other. A lever Kc, with a similar head, is placed infront of the first five feelers, with its head pressing against theheads of the first feeler. The lever Kc exerts a pressure on the feelersin the direction of the arrow, Fig. 32, which is transmitted through theheads of the feelers. The lever Kc forms an angle or bell-crank leverwith the arm Kt', which latter is pulled upward by a spring Kf, Fig. 30,the pressure of said spring being transmitted to the heads of thefeelers Kc and keeping the lower ends of the levers constantly pressedagainst the periphery of the disk K. The lower members of the feelers Kclie ordinarily on the same side of the rib Ka and pressed against theperiphery of disk K, and when the disk turns under the feelers theirlower members fall into the notches Kg, Fig. 32. If the periphery of thedisk was provided at one place with iive consecutive notches, all thefeelers could drop, simultaneously giving way under the pressure ofspring Kf in the direction of the arrow. Vhen the feelers t'hus dropinto the notches, the arm Kt'V is lifted by spring Ky, and as arm Ki isconnected by rod Kl, Fig. 30, to one end of -an oscillating lever Km,the other end of which is connected by a rod Ko to the hammer Ky, saidhammer is turned upon its fulcrum Ke, so that its point gives a quickslight blow upon the projection Ej of the latch E/cof a carrier E, whichis at that instant opposite the hammer. Fig. 33 shows, however, thatnowhere are iive consecutive notches formed in one or the other of thetwo circumferential divisions of the disk K, and if any one of thefeelers is held up by not finding a .notch under its lower end--as, forinstance, the last feeler in Fig. 32-it is evident that the whole row isupheld and. none of the feelers can fall into the notches, and thereforeno blow canV be obtained from the hammer Ky. Practically, therefore, thehammer will be operated only when all five feelers give waytogether-ft'. e. when every one of them finds a notch under its lowerend, thus allowing the lever Ke to follow, whereupon the parts operatingthe hammer can act.

In the machine shown thirty-one combinations of notches are formed inthe periphery of disk K, whereby all live feelers can dropsimultaneously into notches. These thirtyone combinations are obtainedbythe circumferential division of the disk and by automatically shiftingone or the other of the feelers Kc from one division of the rim to theother. This shifting of the feelers is effected at the point Kb, Figs.29, 30, and 33, where the rib Ka is broken. The shifting of one or theother of the feelers to the other side of rib Ka admits of numerouscombinations in the indicated manner, and the desired number can easilybe obtained.

The lateral shifting of the feelers Kc is easily effected, as thefeelers are fixed on their shafts Kd, which latter are journaled in thestationary bearings Kh and Kj, Fig. 29, so that the feelers can rock intheir bearings and also move laterally. If, therefore, pressure isexerted on the end of any of the shafts Kd at the side of bearing Kj,such feeler, with its shaft, will be shifted toward bearing Kh'and tothe other side of the rib Ka when the open place Kb passes the feelers.The heads of the feelers are made so wide, as shown in Fig. 3l, thatthey remain in contact even when one or the other of the feelers isshifted laterally, as described. By thus shifting some one or more ofthe five feelers to the other side of the rib Ka there will always beduring each revolution of the combinationdisk a certain moment at whichall ive feelers can drop into notches and at that time the hammer isoperated. By observing the arrangement of the notches in Fig. 33 it willbe seen that any given combination of notches for the five feelersoccurs but once, so that each one of the thirty-one combinations ofnotches occupies a distinct point of the circumference of the disk andthat the notched portion of the disk must assume thirty-one IOO IIO

different positions to enable the hammer to release the thirty-onedifferent matrix-ring carriers.

Each different combination of notches and feelers and relativeparticular position of the disk is related to a particular carrier E,and that particular carrierwill be selected whenever that particularcombination of notches and feelers is effected and the disk assumes thatparticular position.

After each operation of the hammer Kft/ and at each revolution of disk Kall the displaced feelers Kc are returned to normal position at one sideof the rib Ka, as shown in Fig. 30, by means of a cam-lug Kn on theperiphery of disk K opposite the break Kb in rib Ka.. y

The feelers are shifted laterally by the devices shown in Figs. 3, 29,and 34. Five electromagnets II, one for each feeler, are provided abovethein. (See Figs. 3, 29, and 34.)

rIhe electromagnets are used to determine' what position the severalfeelers shall occupy relatively to the divisions of the rim of the diskK-that is, which of the five feelers should be shifted from the normalposition to the other side of the rib Kd. Each electromagnet has anarmature Hcafulcrumed at Hb,said armature carrying a tappet Hc, whichwhen the armature is attracted by the magnet strikes the short arm Hd ofa bell-crank lever pivoted at He above the feelers Kc, the longer arm Hfof said lever depending beside the projecting end of the shaft Kd of oneof the feelers, as shown in Fig. 29, so that when the short arm of thelever is depressed its longer arm strikes the shaft Kd and pushes theattached feeler forward, shifting it to the other side of rib Kot ondisk K. When any elect-romagnet is energized, its armature is thereforedrawn down and its tappet Hc strikes one end of the relative bell-cranklever I-Id, turning on shaft He, and the depending arm Hf of said levershifts the relative feeler Kc. Fig. 34 shows the arrangement of themagnets and five bell-crank levers, each lever beingheld in normalposition by a spring Hg, which has a notch Hh, that catches thehorizontal arm I"ICZ,'Fig. 29. When the arm IIcl is pressed down bytappet Hc, spring Hg yields and the arm goes down and the pending arm Hfof the respectivebell-crank lever swings out, shifting the feel'er, andits lower end comes in contact with the side of a revolving disk IIL,mounted on shaft N below the levers. This disk Hi, Fig. 29, is providedwith a boss or projection Hj on one side. In the periphery of the diskH11 and its projection IIj is an angular or V-shaped slot Hc. IVhen thearmsHfarein their normal position, they will not loe struckby projectionHj; but

if any one of the bell-crank levers is swung` out by action of theelectromagnets the lower end of its arm Hf willventer the groove in saidprojection and the lower end will be guided in and moved by the angularslot H10 of thc same, so that such arm IIf is first moved fartherforward, and consequently the respective feeler Kc is positively shiftedto the other side of the dividing-rib Ka of disk K. The slot H71: comesdirectly opposite the opening Kb of the rib Ka., so that this shiftingof the feelers is leffected instantly without obstruction. 'lhe arms IIfremain but an instant in this projected position, as the angularity ofthe slot H7.: throws them immediatelyback into the original position,and the upper arm I-ICZ catches into the notch Hh of the spring Hg, Fig.29.

It is evident from the above description that the selection of thematrix-rings depends on the combination of fcelers which theelectromagnets are caused to operate and that the combination of feelersdepends upon the order in which the electromagnets H are energized,Figs. 29 to 3i. It is further to be remembered that the use 'of thefirst or third matrix on any matrix-ring depends upon the energizing ofthe magnets Cr O0", Figs. 1S and I9.V

The means for regulating the energizing of 'the maglietta-As stated, theproduction'of any particular letter depends on which electromagnets areenergized. The energizing of the proper electromagnets may be determinedby diversions of the electric currents effected by switches controlledby a keyboard. Instead of such a keyboard,however,I have illustratedmeans 'whereby the energizing of the electromagnets is controlled by aperforated strip which controls the switching of the electric currentsin much the same way that such strips are employed inprinting-telegraphs and other machines for transmitting electric signaisat very high speed. Fig. 39 showsapaper strip which has been perforatedin a suitable machine. Each transverse row of holes corresponds to onecertain letter or type character. Each one of the five vertical rows ofperforations at the right-hand side of the strip controls one of thefive magnets H corresponding to the feelers Kc. The. next vertical lineof continuous perforations to the left of said groups I to V is to guidethe paper strip upon the contact-cylinder L, to be describedhereinafter. The groups VII and VIII, respectively, control theoperation of the magnets Cfr Cr', which produce, by means of the rods CnCm, the partial revolution of the matrixrings when on the holder, so asto present the matrices for caps, numerals, dto. This paper strip isguided through a contact device and automatically controls theenergizing of the electromagnets H and Cr Cr', so that the propermatrices for the desired letters are brought successively before themold and a type cast. The front elevation Fig. l and the section Fig. 3indicate the contact devices Lt' L, which are represented in Figs. 35 to4:0 in detail. The perforated strip and currentswitching device consistsof a cylinder L, provided with a circumferential row of pins or teethLa, which enter the continuous row of holes VI in the paper strip, sothat the latter is IOO rio

properly fed and guided. The strip Lm is supported by a table L3, asindicated in Fig. 35 by a dotted line. The lower part of the cylinderLlies in a transverse slot in the table L3, and the strip Lx isdepressed in said slot partly around the periphery ofthe cylinder, soVthat the strip can be presented by the cylinder to the contact-piecesLt'.

The cylinder L is operated from the main shaft N of the machine asfollows: On the end of shaft N is a small cam Nd, which operates avertical lever Ld (pivoted at Lc) at each revo-k lution. The lever Ld isheld to the cam by a spring L4, and its upper end presses at eachrevolution of the shaft N against an arm Lf, pivoted on the shaft ofcylinder L and carrying a pawl Lg, engaging a ratchet L5 on the shaft ofcylinder L, a pawl L6 preventing backlash of cylinder L and a spring Lhreturning' arm Lf to normal position.l Thus the cylinder ismoved one pinand strip Lx shifted one row of perforations at each revolution of shaftN.

The cylinder L moves the paper strip sothaty the transverse rows ofholes are successively passed under the cylinder L and over the contactpoints Lz'. (See Figs. 85, 36, and 40.) The points Li are mounted oninsulated spring-fingers L7, each of which forms part of a separateelectrical circuit between a battery or other source of electricalenergy and one of the electromagnets. The cylinder L and thecontact-points Lt' are made of conducting material, and wherever a holein the paand are pressed against the cylinder L only' A when it and thepaper strip are at rest.

Then the cylinder is rotated to move the paper strip, the points Lt' arelowered bythe following means: The lever Ld is connected by a link L8 toan arm Lj on the end of an eccentric cylinder Lt, Fig. 35, overlying thespring-arms L7. moved and the paper strip is advanced this eccentriccylinder is caused to press down the springs L7, thereby moving thecontact-points Lz' from the paper strip and cylinder L; but when thepaper and cylinder are at rest the cylinder Llc is moved so as to permitthe spring-arms L7 to rise and point Lt' to contact the cylinder throughholes in the strip. The several contact-springs L7 are connected to thesegments Ma and Mc of a com mutator M. The segments Mc and Mc arearranged concentrically around the end of shaft N, FigsQS to 41, andexterior to an inner row of segments Md and Mc, the segments Mrt beingrespectively electrically connected to the magnets H and segments Mc arerespectively connected to the magnets Cr and Cr', Fig. 41. All thesemagnets are connected to a As often as the lever Ld is common return ornegative Wire m', leading to a battery m or other source of electricalenergy, while cylinder L is connected to the lead or positive pole ofthebattery by a wire Im2, Fig. 4.1. holder N4, carrying twoelectrically-com municating brushes Mb Mb', respectively, adapted tocontact the outer segments Ma Mc and the inner segments Mct/ and Mc.These brushes are adapted to close the circuit between the two relatedsegments Ma and Ma or Mc and Mc as the shaft N rotates atv the propermoment of time, so that when any piece Lt' contacts the cylinder L oneof the magnets is energized.

The segments Md, Mc, Ma', and Mc are preferably secured to an ebonitedisk M2, Figs. 35 and 37. The connection between the inner and outersegments is effected by the brush. In this manner each electromagnetreceives the full strength of the current. (See diagram Fig. 41.)

The five pairs of segments Ma Mct/ control the selection ot' thematrix-rings, and the two pairs of segments MC Mc' control therevolution of the matrix-rings to effect the change to capital lettersornumbers, Figs. 18 and 19.

It was stated with relation to the matrixrings that one of the two rodsCm Cn must be advanced to effect the turning of the matriX- ring in oneor the other direction. This motion of` therods Cm Cn inwardly iseffected by two double electromagnets Cr, one pair controlling the lowerrod Cm and the other the upper rod Cn, Figs. 18 and 19, when a hole ispresented in the rows VII and VIII of the paper strip, Fig. 39.

The current-dagram.'l`he current starts from a battery and passes intothe cylinder L, Figs. 35, 36, and 38. Loc are holes in the paper strip,and through every one of these holes the current passes into one of theouter.

-can be energized.

Summary of the operation of the apparaitra-In order to work the machine,a contact-strip-L, punched according to the text to be printed, Fig. 39,is brought into the machine and the same is set in motion. At eachrevolution ofthe main shaft N some of the electromagnets H or Cr Cr',Fig. 41, will be energized, according to the combination of holespunched in the contact-strip- To givel an example, we will suppose thata type carrying the letter R should be cast, and it is supposed that toproduce this letter it would be necessary to energize the second andthird magnets H from the right, Fig. 41, and also the lowerelectromagnets Cr. The armatures On the end of shaft N is a brushy IOO

